list of what to read for the test need to read items 1 and 2 before the test and know it well know 3 for tuesday know 4 for thursday or so the study guide is also on angel there will be no essay for the first test reading in the textbook is fair game for the test 20-25 multiple choice questions macedon/macedonia rising to power, viewed as barbarians by the greeks philip of macedon 382-336BC consolidated macedon improved phalanx by using cavalry and forcing all soldiers to have crew cuts improved cavalry longer, double tipped spears better discipline greece still reeling from pelop war invaded greece in 339BC battle of chaeronea on 2 august 338BC son was alexander the great was assassinated alexander the great 356-323BC accompanied in the invasion of greece took throne after his father's assassination decided to follow his father's footsteps and take out the persians granicus river 334BC - defeated small persian army and moved into asia minor gordian knot - huge knot to be untangled, he cut it in half issus 333BC - defeated persian army gaugamela 331BC - persian army 200K, alex - 50K, alex still won ran his cavalry off to the side, phalanxes avoided chariots, darius's cavalry attacked other things behind the main army, created a gap, alex ran cavalry into gap alexander was usually outnumbered, but always won, more discipline, armored darius III assassinated soon after burned persepolis enters india in 327BC death in 323BC legacy 4 kingdoms emerged antigonoid monarchy - macedonia seleucid monarchy - syria an deast pergamene monarchy - western asia minor ptolemaic monarchy - egypt new cities called alexandria, tons of them greek legacy democracy man-centered philosophy and politics rationalism drama, philosophy, literature, math, medicine, geometry, astronomy architecture western warfare greek language oriental absolutism foundation of scientific resolution