results of the black death 30-60% died ~25mil serfdom weakened papacy weakened christendom weakened nobility faith nobility-monarchy rivalry intensified while the political power of the church decreased economies slowed to a standstill; trade lessened; inflation occurred labor shortage peasants revolts one third of england died 1348-49 peasantry hardest hit, labor hot commodity children sold for $, wage ceilings peasant revolts - spain, netherlands, germany, italy, france, england revolt in england 1381 over taxes, wage ceilings and the desire of peasants for freedom from serfdom led by wat tyler, john ball, and jack straw killed nobles, converged on london, attacked the tower of london killed arch of canterbury, lord chancellor wat tyler met the king, acted out of his class, was killed on the spot richard II approached teh peasants and promised to give them the concessions they wanted army was formed, pursued john ball and jack straw, beheaded rest of revolt dissipated as may werwe executed richard II gave them nothing jacquerie 1358 in northern france battle of poitiers, 1356 saw john the good, king of france taken prisoner by english, died in captivity, mercenaries roaming the countryside left the throne occupied and govt unstable, four or five kings acting as head for dauphin, charles V nobles exacted taxes from peasantry (taille) which was unpopular black death hit peasantry hard tried to kill all the nobles, no real leader, disorganized, rebellion of rage eventually led by guillaume cale, pursued by charles the bad of navarre and tortured and beheaded battle of mello finished his army charles the bad's army killed perhaps 20K peasants in the next few months traumatized the nobles hundred years' war 1337-1453 made up of 4 wars philip VI valois named king edward III of england voiced claim fighting began 1337 first phase sluys 1340 - sea battle crecy 1346 - longbow, french decimated by welsh peasantry edward captured calais english on top black death ensued second phase edward III vs john the good edward and black prince (his son) poitiers 1356 - john captured jacquerie 1358 charles V took over france guerrila tactics 1380 only calais, aquitaine held by english edward III d 1377, black prince d 1376 third phase henry V of england agincourt 1415 treaty of troyes 1420 son heir to both thrones according to treaty fourth phase joan of arc - orleans 1429 - charles VII crowned 1430 joan captured - executed 1431 1436 charles VII recaptured paris 1453 french retook normandy results exhaustion knight's prowess gone cannon, musketry more results for france and england government english parliament anglo-saxon witenagemot - advisory council to cheiftan or king curia regis(great council) 1200s magna carta 1215 reps from counties and shires took off with edward III 1327-1377 meeting yearly by 1350 advice on law, mostly oversaw treasury, taxes, finances of the govt house of lords house of commons england vs france richard II dethroned 1399 by lancasters, later impaled through the ass with a red hot poker...not my words henry VI lancaster 1422-1461 - weak house of york revolted 1461 edward VI york 1461-1483 won, d 1483 richard york protector over nephews edward and richard of york richard III became king 1483-1485 henry VII tudor wins 1485 became known as the wars of the roses france's recovery and development charles VII valois 1422-1461 royal army raised 100 years war louis IX 1461-1483 taille, permanent tax created parlements added burgundy brittany absorbed french monarchy dominant by 1500 england france rural urban smaller pop larger pop consolidated fast 1307 longer consolidation 1500 common law corpus juris civilis king subject to law absolute king by 1500 rocky succession steady succession parliament estates general for advisory shires/sheriffs/autonomy parlements, royal law courts, baille more independent of church closer to papacy army adhoc, raised by barons royal army strong nobility weak nobility monarchy weaker monarchy stronger