this is the start of the second half of the semester

key words
alexis de tocqueville
induvidualism
ralph waldo emerson
transcendentalism
romanticism
utopias
brook farm
the shakers, fourierists, and mormons
abolitionism

wrong on m/c
5: jay's treaty with gb was B. required british to withdraw from blah blah
9: 1824 us gibbons vs ogden, C steamboat monopoly illegal in new york
13: author of common sense was B. thomas paine
15: erie canal C. made transportation efficient and profitable

1. fulton created steamboat
2. british established proclamation of 1763 to keep people off the border
3. american colonization society
5. george washington
10. political solution to deal with western spread of slavery: missouri compromise...FACK

final has same format

growing discrepancies between east/west, urban/rural, rich/poor, mostly because of market forces
americans fighting to find common ground
success was idealized as a nice big house in the country with lots of land, workers, fancy
reality was the factory system -> cities -> slums (horrible)
viewpoint that immigrants were bringing poverty and disease with them
in 1830s/40s, nativist movement began as reaction to immigrants
beware of foreign influence
5pts area in new york was the embodiment of all white protestant fears
think catholics ruining everything
how to fix? second great awakening
massive grassroots uprising to "fix" nation
revivals, new new lights with evangelical preaching
start attacking sins of society, drinking (typically more than a gallon a day)
think stopping drinking is the gateway to fixing everything else
reestablishment of religion in daily life
issues between catholics and protestants
alexis de tocqueville travels the states, from france, coins "individualism" as description of america
everyone in europe connected through heredity and in their place
individuals dictate what goes on
we can rise up and do what we want without worrying about anyone else
ralph waldo emerson comes up with transcendentalism, push away from materialism, push away from collective herding and markets, drew on romanticism, backed away from enlightenment (scientific discovery), get in touch with the individual, and the rest will follow
henry david thoreau, also transcendentalist, stops paying taxes b/c he doesn't support system, went to live on walden pond in a cabin, reconnect with nature
other authors begin looking at individuals (nathaniel hawthorne, the scarlet letter, young goodman brown)
herman melville, moby dick, comes up with key character who fights himself and nature (the great white whale)
people wanted to remove themselves from uniform society
brook farm was a T utopia
shakers, shaked when praying, retreated into communal organization/society, that they thought was the best
fourier experimented with socialism, fourierism
mormonism appeared, reacted to market forces, started in western new york, moved across nation to utah, by joseph smith reading from gold tablets he could read through divine whatnot