Preamble: we approve this constitution so that we can better work as a whole, prevent interstate war, protect ourselves, secure freedom for our descendants Article 1: Section 1: lawmaking powers are hereby granted to the US congress. it shall consist of a house of reps and a senate Section 2: house of reps term is 2 years. can be voted by those eligible to vote for members of the largest part of the state legislature local to them. must be 25, citizen for 7 years, must live in state chosen for. direct taxes apportioned according to population. population = free people, plus 3/5 of slaves, no one living on a reservation. first census taken less than 3 years from first meeting of congress, and every 10 years thereafter. at least 1 rep per state, no more than 1 rep for every 30,000 people in a state. Section 3: 2 senators from each state. 6 year terms. elected every 2 years on a rotating schedule. state legislatures fill vacancies. must be 30, citizen 9 years, inhabitant of state. VP is pres of senate, no vote unless a tie. officers and president pro tempore to be chosen by senate. senate has sole power to try all impeachments. must be under oath to do so. requires 2/3 of members present to convict. chief justice presides over impeachment of pres. judgements can only remove from office and bar from future office. criminal trial for other things. Section 4: times/places/method for elections of senators and reps set by each state legislature. congress can choose to regulate anything about it except location of election. congress must meet at least the 1st monday in december (or other date declared by law) Section 5: Article 2: enumeration of powers and limitations of congress, specifically the commerce clause, power to constitute lesser tribunals Article 3: powers of judicial branch, original jurisdiction, sets up other courts, supreme court, jurisdiciton of other courts, need at least 2 witnesses for conviction of treason Article 4: states powers and limits Section 1: each state must honor and acknowledge the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of other states. congress may pass laws to make this so Section 2: if someone committed a crime in your state and fled to another, he can be pulled back (extradition). escaped slaves must be returned Section 3: new states can be added to the union, but cannot be cut out of current states w/o their explicit consent. congress can't favor some states over others Section 4: every state has a right to a republican form of government. guaranteed protection against invasion and domestic violence Article 5: process of amendments Congress can propose amendments if 2/3 of both houses agree. an amendment can be proposed if 2/3 of state legislatures call for a convention proposing amendments. ratification takes agreement of 3/4 of state legislatures or by constitutional conventions in 3/4 of states. can't change slave laws until 1808 and no state can be denied equal rep in the senate. Article 6: federal powers all debts are still valid under the new constitution. the constitution and all laws made in accordance with it and all treaties made by the US are the supreme law of the land. (supremacy clause) all public officials are bound by oath to the constitution. no religious tests are required to hold office. Article 7: ratification it only takes 9 states to ratify this constitution. Amendment 1: congress can make no laws w/ regard to religion, preventing the freedom of speech or press or assembly, or petition of the government (religion, speech, press, assembly, petition) Amendment 2: right of states to keep a well regulated militia, and for people to keep and bear arms Amendment 3: no quartering of soldiers in homes unless by consent of the owner Amendment 4: right against unreasonable searches and seizures Amendment 5: right to a grand jury for capital crimes, no double jeapordy, no forcing to incriminate self, can't take things w/o due process, eminent domain Amendment 6: right to a speedy and public trial, impartial jury, be informed of the accusation, confronted by witnesses, find witnesses for him, right to counsel Amendment 7: right to trial by jury. juries decide the facts, not to be questioned later Amendment 8: no excessive bail/fines, no cruel or unusual punishment Amendment 9: constitution is not a complete listing of rights, so others exist that are not listed Amendment 10: powers not granted to feds or prohibited states default to states Amendment 11: states can't be sued in federal court Amendment 12: electoral reform for voting on pres and vp. Amendment 13: abolish slavery Amendment 14: representatives apportioned according to population. population does not count indians on reservations. if you take part in rebellion while under oath of office, you can't hold office any more. southern war debts will not be paid, northern debts will. Amendment 15: right to vote regardless of race/color/previously a slave Amendment 16: congress has power to tax incomes Amendment 17: popular election of senators. state legislatures fill senate vacancies Amendment 18: prohibition Amendment 19: women can vote Amendment 20: change end dates of terms for pres and vp to jan 20, and for senators to jan 3. congress assembles at least once a year on jan 3. (all these are at noon on that day) procedures for lack of pres on inaguration day Amendment 21: repeal prohibition Amendment 22: sets presidential term limits to no more than 10 years total (2 terms plus a chunk of one) Amendment 23: presidential electors for DC, not to exceed the number of the smallest state Amendment 24: can't deny voting b/c of poll tax Amendment 25: sets up succession of powers for president and vp (pres, vp, speaker of house, pres pro tempore of senate, cabinet heads based on when appointed) Amendment 26: right to vote if older than 18 Amendment 27: congressional pay changes take effect after the next election