3/25/08
what do interest groups do? how do they get what they want?
methods: lobbying, go to courts, look at federalist #10
purpose is to affect government policy

equal protection under the law
court cases galore.....frack
big parts of 14th amendment, due process, equal protection clause
epc - no state shall deny equal protection of the law
race, gender, age, wealth contradictions
Regents of the Uni of CA v Bakke - Bakke sued b/c some students were allowed in without having to meet the standards based on minority status - denied strict affirmative action, but allowed flexible class action - denied equal protection
social security case gave survivors benefits to women and not men
warren held that racial classifications were unconstitution and gender and other required significant justification
plessy v ferguson 1986 - separate but equal doctrine came out - interpretation of epc of 14th amendment - arrested for sitting in the white train car, upheld
cumming v richmond county board of edu - decision to close black hs wasn't against teh law b/c blacks could still go to private school


3 step strategy to get rid of separate but equal - get courts to declare systems that are separate and obviously unequal unconstitutional
		separate and unobviously unequal
		force integration by declaring all separation unequal inherently

brown v board of education of topeka kansas - linda brown was unable to go to close school b/c black - naacp took case to fed district court, had to persuade judge that it was unconstitutional even though they were fairly equal

amicus curiae - friend of the courts, briefs filed with the court by people/groups who have nothing to do with the case
class action suit - didn't apply just to linda brown, applied to all in similar situations
integration happened very slowly in the south
many members of congress signed the southern manifesto that pledged to reverse the decision toward integration