france
news
history
	feudalism
		natural way to rule, divine right, fairly balanced monarchy
		ends up an absolutist monarchy, and a beheading because of it
		balanced through estates general, catholic church, nobility, commoners (most relevant) -> national assembly
		power centered on monarch that consults with assembly
		revolution by commoners
		advocating expansion of decisionmaking
		system becomes more inclusive
		change isn't linear in france
		several changes both ways, usually violent
	republics
		first one setup in 1792, revolution in 1779, interrupted by restoration of monarchy
		establishment of second republic in 1848
		3rd republic in 1871, surrenders to germans in ww2, replaces by german puppet government
		4th 1946, just after ww2, ended by leadership and political crisis
		5th 1958
				
institutions
	executive
			major change is in executive branch
				more power
				prevent gridlock
				provide stability
				powers during state of emergency
				power of purse
				dual executive, prime minister (head of government) and president (head of state)
				cohabitation
				cabinet with members that head different democracies
					cannot be members of parliament
	legislative
			dual chamber legislative body
				senate - electoral college (members of NA and leaders of municipalities)
				national assembly - 
				single member districts, must be majority
	court
	bureaucracy
		major ownership of utilities/education by government
elections

UK: N.Ireland
union vs republic
1960s-1972 - bloody sunday against nonviolent protesters in 1972, investigations only lasted a couple of weeks, nowhere near complete, becomes symbol/rallying point, 
1972-1998 - troubles, Irish Republican Army, somewhat of an underground terrorist group, som militias/paramilitary
	also "real" IRA, continues to fight, no real chain of command
	
1998 - consociation
	parliament has been suspended several times, deadlock
	tirade about lebanon
	sharp decrease in violence
	gets everything out in the open
	violence by splinter groups